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Fig. 4. SDF-1{alpha} augments SHH-induced proliferation in a pertussis toxin sensitive manner. Primary cultures of neonatal mouse cerebella derived from P6 mice were treated with SHH (0.7 µg/ml) or not in the presence or absence of forskolin (10 µM), SDF-1{alpha} (1000 ng/ml) or SDF-1{alpha} and pertussis toxin (25 ng/ml) for 20 hours. SHH induced a 2.5-fold increase in proliferation as compared with untreated cultures (*P<0.001). SDF-1{alpha} enhanced SHH-induced proliferation by 50% as compared with SHH treatment alone (#P<0.001) but had no effect on its own. The SDF-1{alpha} effect on SHH-induced proliferation was blocked by pertussis toxin (##P<0.001). SHH-induced proliferation was blocked by forskolin (**P<0.001). Average values are from 3-7 experiments performed in triplicate and presented, ± s.e.m.