Fig. 7. Requirements of HES1 in VEGF-dependent retinal proliferation and differentiation. E5 retinas were co-electroporated with dnHES1- and GFP-expressing constructs, and then cultured as explants (A,B) or dissociated cells in collagen gels (C,D). VEGF was added at 24 hours post transfection and BrdU was added for the last 3 hours. (A,B) Effects of dnHES1 on Brn3a⁺ cells at E8 (A) or BrdU⁺ cells at E7 (B) among transfected GFP⁺ cells (n=6; *P<0.03). (C,D) Effects of dnHES1 in collagen gels on Islet1/2⁺ cells (C, n=7; *P<0.02) or BrdU⁺ cells (D, n=5; *P<0.05) among transfected GFP⁺ cells.