Fig. 4. Aberrant adaxial-abaxial polarity in leaves of ae5-1 as2-101 and ae6-1 as2-101. (A-C) Three types of abnormal rosette leaves in ae5-1 as2-101. (A) An adaxial view of an expanded leaf showing a rough surface and some bumps (arrow). (B) A lotus-like leaf. (C) A needle-like leaf. (D-I) Analyses of the leaf epidermal patterns. (D,E) Epidermal cells on adaxial (D) and abaxial (E) surfaces of a wild-type leaf. (F,G) High magnification of epidermal cells in A. The same adaxial leaf side of ae5-1 as2-101 contained both adaxially (F) and abaxially (G) featured epidermal cells, which correspond to the boxed regions f and g in A, respectively. (H,I) High magnification of epidermal cells in C, corresponding to the boxed regions h and i, respectively. Arrowheads in E,G,I indicate long and narrow abaxially featured epidermal cells. (J-L) Transverse sections through the blade-petiole junction region. (J) A section from a wild-type Ler leaf. (K) A section from an expanded ae6-1 as2-101 leaf. (L) A section from an ae5-1 as2-101 lotus-like leaf. Arrowheads in J-L indicate phloem. ad, leaf adaxial side; ab, leaf abaxial side. Scale bars: 1 mm in A-C; 50 µm in D-L.