|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
| Home Help Feedback Subscriptions Archive Search Table of Contents | ||||
Development, Vol 110, Issue 2 589-607, Copyright © 1990 by Company of Biologists
JOURNAL ARTICLES |
MA Frohman, M Boyle and GR Martin
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143.
It is rapidly becoming accepted that the vertebrate neural tube, in particular the hindbrain, develops into a segmented structure. After segment formation, cells in the neural tube do not cross segmental boundaries, and segment-specific gene expression is observed. However, it is not known what positional cues instruct the neural tube to express genes in this restricted manner. We have cloned a murine homeobox-containing gene, Hox-2.9, whose expression in the neural tube at E9.5 is restricted to a segment of the hindbrain known as rhombomere 4. A study of its expression pattern earlier in development revealed that prior to the start of neurulation (E7.5) Hox-2.9 is expressed within a posterior to the embryonic mesoderm that will participate in hindbrain formation. With the onset of neurulation, expression then becomes detectable in the neural plate as well, but only in the part that overlies the Hox-2.9-expressing mesoderm; it is not detected in the more anterior neuroectoderm that will form the future midbrain and forebrain. On the basis of these findings, we propose that the mesoderm is providing cues that serve to instruct the overlying neuroectoderm with respect to its position along the anteroposterior axis and that Hox-2.9 participates in or reflects this process. As neurulation continues and individual segments form, a second phase of expression is detected in the neural tube in which high levels of Hox-2.9 transcripts become restricted to rhombomere 4. Hox-2.9 expression is also detected in the developing branchial arch units of the hindbrain region, in a pattern that suggests to us that here, too, mesoderm is providing a localized signal that induces Hox-2.9 expression, in this case in endoderm of the pharynx and in superficial ectoderm. In general, we interpret the expression patterns of Hox-2.9 in the hindbrain region as suggesting that the specific mechanisms of pattern formation in mammals are fundamentally similar to those of amphibians and avians - i.e. anteroposterior positional information is acquired by mesoderm, mesoderm induces positional values within (neuro-) ectoderm and endoderm, and both events occur within a restricted window of time.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  Y. Liu, X. Wang, C.-C. Lu, R. Kerman, O. Steward, X.-M. Xu, and Y. Zou Repulsive Wnt Signaling Inhibits Axon Regeneration after CNS Injury J. Neurosci., August 13, 2008; 28(33): 8376 - 8382. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Gouti and A. Gavalas Hoxb1 Controls Cell Fate Specification and Proliferative Capacity of Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells Stem Cells, August 1, 2008; 26(8): 1985 - 1997. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. S. Daftary and H. S. Taylor Endocrine Regulation of HOX Genes Endocr. Rev., June 1, 2006; 27(4): 331 - 355. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. L. McNulty, J. N. Peres, N. Bardine, W. M. R. van den Akker, and A. J. Durston Knockdown of the complete Hox paralogous group 1 leads to dramatic hindbrain and neural crest defects Development, June 15, 2005; 132(12): 2861 - 2871. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Buttitta, R. Mo, C.-C. Hui, and C.-M. Fan Interplays of Gli2 and Gli3 and their requirement in mediating Shh-dependent sclerotome induction Development, December 22, 2003; 130(25): 6233 - 6243. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Gavalas, C. Ruhrberg, J. Livet, C. E. Henderson, and R. Krumlauf Neuronal defects in the hindbrain of Hoxa1, Hoxb1 and Hoxb2 mutants reflect regulatory interactions among these Hox genes Development, December 1, 2003; 130(23): 5663 - 5679. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Forlani, K. A. Lawson, and J. Deschamps Acquisition of Hox codes during gastrulation and axial elongation in the mouse embryo Development, August 15, 2003; 130(16): 3807 - 3819. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Matt, N. B. Ghyselinck, O. Wendling, P. Chambon, and M. Mark Retinoic acid-induced developmental defects are mediated by RAR{beta}/RXR heterodimers in the pharyngeal endoderm Development, May 15, 2003; 130(10): 2083 - 2093. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. McClintock, M. A. Kheirbek, and V. E. Prince Knockdown of duplicated zebrafish hoxb1 genes reveals distinct roles in hindbrain patterning and a novel mechanism of duplicate gene retention Development, March 7, 2003; 129(10): 2339 - 2354. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. W. Voncken, B. A. J. Roelen, M. Roefs, S. de Vries, E. Verhoeven, S. Marino, J. Deschamps, and M. van Lohuizen Rnf2 (Ring1b) deficiency causes gastrulation arrest and cell cycle inhibition PNAS, March 4, 2003; 100(5): 2468 - 2473. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P.-X. Xu, W. Zheng, C. Laclef, P. Maire, R. L. Maas, H. Peters, and X. Xu Eya1 is required for the morphogenesis of mammalian thymus, parathyroid and thyroid Development, January 7, 2002; 129(13): 3033 - 3044. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. L. Michaud, F. Boucher, A. Melnyk, F. Gauthier, E. Goshu, E. Levy, G. A. Mitchell, J. Himms-Hagen, and C.-M. Fan Sim1 haploinsufficiency causes hyperphagia, obesity and reduction of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus Hum. Mol. Genet., July 1, 2001; 10(14): 1465 - 1473. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. McClintock, R. Carlson, D. M. Mann, and V. E. Prince Consequences of Hox gene duplication in the vertebrates: an investigation of the zebrafish Hox paralogue group 1 genes Development, July 1, 2001; 128(13): 2471 - 2484. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. A. Ross, P. J. McCaffery, U. C. Drager, and L. M. De Luca Retinoids in Embryonal Development Physiol Rev, July 1, 2000; 80(3): 1021 - 1054. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Gaufo, P Flodby, and M. Capecchi Hoxb1 controls effectors of sonic hedgehog and Mash1 signaling pathways Development, January 12, 2000; 127(24): 5343 - 5354. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Barrow, H. Stadler, and M. Capecchi Roles of Hoxa1 and Hoxa2 in patterning the early hindbrain of the mouse Development, January 3, 2000; 127(5): 933 - 944. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Lee, L. Buttitta, N. May, A Kispert, and C. Fan SHH-N upregulates Sfrp2 to mediate its competitive interaction with WNT1 and WNT4 in the somitic mesoderm Development, January 1, 2000; 127(1): 109 - 118. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X. Sun, E. N. Meyers, M. Lewandoski, and G. R. Martin Targeted disruption of Fgf8 causes failure of cell migration in the gastrulating mouse embryo Genes & Dev., July 15, 1999; 13(14): 1834 - 1846. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M Rossel and M. Capecchi Mice mutant for both Hoxa1 and Hoxb1 show extensive remodeling of the hindbrain and defects in craniofacial development Development, January 11, 1999; 126(22): 5027 - 5040. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Thomson and G. Cunha Prostatic growth and development are regulated by FGF10 Development, January 8, 1999; 126(16): 3693 - 3701. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E Coucouvanis and G. Martin BMP signaling plays a role in visceral endoderm differentiation and cavitation in the early mouse embryo Development, January 2, 1999; 126(3): 535 - 546. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. K. Greene, S. Bahn, N. Masson, and T. H. Rabbitts The T-Cell Oncogenic Protein HOX11 Activates Aldh1 Expression in NIH 3T3 Cells but Represses Its Expression in Mouse Spleen Development Mol. Cell. Biol., December 1, 1998; 18(12): 7030 - 7037. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Chen and H. E. Ruley An Enhancer Element in the EphA2 (Eck) Gene Sufficient for Rhombomere-specific Expression Is Activated by HOXA1 and HOXB1 Homeobox Proteins J. Biol. Chem., September 18, 1998; 273(38): 24670 - 24675. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Guazzi, M. L. Pintonello, A. Vigano, and E. Boncinelli Regulatory Interactions between the Human HOXB1, HOXB2, and HOXB3 Proteins and the Upstream Sequence of the Otx2 Gene in Embryonal Carcinoma Cells J. Biol. Chem., May 1, 1998; 273(18): 11092 - 11099. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Q. Liu, F. Shalaby, J. Jones, D. Bouchard, and D. J. Dumont The SH2-Containing Inositol Polyphosphate 5-Phosphatase, Ship, Is Expressed During Hematopoiesis and Spermatogenesis Blood, April 15, 1998; 91(8): 2753 - 2759. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. Yan, J. DeGregori, R. Shohet, G. Leone, B. Stillman, J. R. Nevins, and R. S. Williams Cdc6 is regulated by E2F and is essential for DNA replication in mammalian cells PNAS, March 31, 1998; 95(7): 3603 - 3608. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Q Lin, J Lu, H Yanagisawa, R Webb, G. Lyons, J. Richardson, and E. Olson Requirement of the MADS-box transcription factor MEF2C for vascular development Development, January 11, 1998; 125(22): 4565 - 4574. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D Huang, S. Chen, A. Langston, and L. Gudas A conserved retinoic acid responsive element in the murine Hoxb-1 gene is required for expression in the developing gut Development, January 8, 1998; 125(16): 3235 - 3246. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Dockter and C. Ordahl Determination of sclerotome to the cartilage fate Development, January 6, 1998; 125(11): 2113 - 2124. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M Studer, A Gavalas, H Marshall, L Ariza-McNaughton, F. Rijli, P Chambon, and R Krumlauf Genetic interactions between Hoxa1 and Hoxb1 reveal new roles in regulation of early hindbrain patterning Development, January 3, 1998; 125(6): 1025 - 1036. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A Gavalas, M Studer, A Lumsden, F. Rijli, R Krumlauf, and P Chambon Hoxa1 and Hoxb1 synergize in patterning the hindbrain, cranial nerves and second pharyngeal arch Development, January 3, 1998; 125(6): 1123 - 1136. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Prince, C. Moens, C. Kimmel, and R. Ho Zebrafish hox genes: expression in the hindbrain region of wild-type and mutants of the segmentation gene, valentino Development, January 2, 1998; 125(3): 393 - 406. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A Gavalas, M Davenne, A Lumsden, P Chambon, and F. Rijli Role of Hoxa-2 in axon pathfinding and rostral hindbrain patterning Development, January 10, 1997; 124(19): 3693 - 3702. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Wassarman, M Lewandoski, K Campbell, A. Joyner, J. Rubenstein, S Martinez, and G. Martin Specification of the anterior hindbrain and establishment of a normal mid/hindbrain organizer is dependent on Gbx2 gene function Development, January 8, 1997; 124(15): 2923 - 2934. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Chin and Z Werb Matrix metalloproteinases regulate morphogenesis, migration and remodeling of epithelium, tongue skeletal muscle and cartilage in the mandibular arch Development, January 4, 1997; 124(8): 1519 - 1530. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V Dupe, M Davenne, J Brocard, P Dolle, M Mark, A Dierich, P Chambon, and F. Rijli In vivo functional analysis of the Hoxa-1 3' retinoic acid response element (3'RARE) Development, January 1, 1997; 124(2): 399 - 410. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. L. Mohlke, W. C. Nichols, R. J. Westrick, E. K. Novak, K. A. Cooney, R. T. Swank, and D. Ginsburg A novel modifier gene for plasma von Willebrand factor level maps to distal mouse chromosome 11 PNAS, December 24, 1996; 93(26): 15352 - 15357. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. D. Neufer and I. J. Benjamin Differential Expression of alpha B-Crystallin and Hsp27 in Skeletal Muscle during Continuous Contractile Activity. RELATIONSHIP TO MYOGENIC REGULATORY FACTORS J. Biol. Chem., September 27, 1996; 271(39): 24089 - 24095. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B Lutz, H C Lu, G Eichele, D Miller, and T C Kaufman Rescue of Drosophila labial null mutant by the chicken ortholog Hoxb-1 demonstrates that the function of Hox genes is phylogenetically conserved. Genes & Dev., January 15, 1996; 10(2): 176 - 184. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Goddard, M Rossel, N. Manley, and M. Capecchi Mice with targeted disruption of Hoxb-1 fail to form the motor nucleus of the VIIth nerve Development, January 10, 1996; 122(10): 3217 - 3228. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Alexander, E. Hansell, O Behrendtsen, M. Flannery, N. Kishnani, S. Hawkes, and Z Werb Expression and function of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors at the maternal-embryonic boundary during mouse embryo implantation Development, January 6, 1996; 122(6): 1723 - 1736. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D Alexandre, J. Clarke, E Oxtoby, Y. Yan, T Jowett, and N Holder Ectopic expression of Hoxa-1 in the zebrafish alters the fate of the mandibular arch neural crest and phenocopies a retinoic acid-induced phenotype Development, January 3, 1996; 122(3): 735 - 746. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. E. Davis, C. Hardwick, P. Tavernier, S. Hodgson, and H. Singh RNA Trans-splicing in Flatworms J. Biol. Chem., September 15, 1995; 270(37): 21813 - 21819. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y Katsuyama, S Wada, S Yasugi, and H Saiga Expression of the labial group Hox gene HrHox-1 and its alteration induced by retinoic acid in development of the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi Development, January 10, 1995; 121(10): 3197 - 3205. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Millar, M. Miller, M. Stevens, and G. Barsh Expression and transgenic studies of the mouse agouti gene provide insight into the mechanisms by which mammalian coat color patterns are generated Development, January 10, 1995; 121(10): 3223 - 3232. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D Acampora, S Mazan, Y Lallemand, V Avantaggiato, M Maury, A Simeone, and P Brulet Forebrain and midbrain regions are deleted in Otx2-/- mutants due to a defective anterior neuroectoderm specification during gastrulation Development, January 10, 1995; 121(10): 3279 - 3290. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Manley and M. Capecchi The role of Hoxa-3 in mouse thymus and thyroid development Development, January 7, 1995; 121(7): 1989 - 2003. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Dickinson, M. Selleck, A. McMahon, and M Bronner-Fraser Dorsalization of the neural tube by the non-neural ectoderm Development, January 7, 1995; 121(7): 2099 - 2106. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Blitz and K. Cho Anterior neurectoderm is progressively induced during gastrulation: the role of the Xenopus homeobox gene orthodenticle Development, January 4, 1995; 121(4): 993 - 1004. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Crossley and G. Martin The mouse Fgf8 gene encodes a family of polypeptides and is expressed in regions that direct outgrowth and patterning in the developing embryo Development, January 2, 1995; 121(2): 439 - 451. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M Studer, H Popperl, H Marshall, A Kuroiwa, and R Krumlauf Role of a conserved retinoic acid response element in rhombomere restriction of Hoxb-1 Science, September 16, 1994; 265(5179): 1728 - 1732. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Zhang, H. J. Kim, H. Marshall, M. Gendron-Maguire, D. A. Lucas, A. Baron, L. J. Gudas, T. Gridley, R. Krumlauf, and J. F. Grippo Ectopic Hoxa-1 induces rhombomere transformation in mouse hindbrain Development, September 1, 1994; 120(9): 2431 - 2442. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D J Dumont, G Gradwohl, G H Fong, M C Puri, M Gertsenstein, A Auerbach, and M L Breitman Dominant-negative and targeted null mutations in the endothelial receptor tyrosine kinase, tek, reveal a critical role in vasculogenesis of the embryo. Genes & Dev., August 15, 1994; 8(16): 1897 - 1909. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D D Spyropoulos and M R Capecchi Targeted disruption of the even-skipped gene, evx1, causes early postimplantation lethality of the mouse conceptus. Genes & Dev., August 15, 1994; 8(16): 1949 - 1961. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Carroll, S. Tsirka, W. Richards, M. Frohman, and S Strickland The mouse tissue plasminogen activator gene 5' flanking region directs appropriate expression in development and a seizure-enhanced response in the CNS Development, January 11, 1994; 120(11): 3173 - 3183. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Ang, R. Conlon, O Jin, and J Rossant Positive and negative signals from mesoderm regulate the expression of mouse Otx2 in ectoderm explants Development, January 10, 1994; 120(10): 2979 - 2989. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. McKay, I Muchamore, R Krumlauf, M Maden, A Lumsden, and J Lewis The kreisler mouse: a hindbrain segmentation mutant that lacks two rhombomeres Development, January 8, 1994; 120(8): 2199 - 2211. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D Nardelli-Haefliger, A. Bruce, and M Shankland An axial domain of HOM/Hox gene expression is formed by morphogenetic alignment of independently specified cell lineages in the leech Helobdella Development, January 7, 1994; 120(7): 1839 - 1849. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Conlon, K. Lyons, N Takaesu, K. Barth, A Kispert, B Herrmann, and E. Robertson A primary requirement for nodal in the formation and maintenance of the primitive streak in the mouse Development, January 7, 1994; 120(7): 1919 - 1928. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Williams and C. Ordahl Pax-3 expression in segmental mesoderm marks early stages in myogenic cell specification Development, January 4, 1994; 120(4): 785 - 796. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. R. Hume and J. Dodd Cwnt-8C: a novel Wnt gene with a potential role in primitive streak formation and hindbrain organization Development, December 1, 1993; 119(4): 1147 - 1160. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P J Swiatek and T Gridley Perinatal lethality and defects in hindbrain development in mice homozygous for a targeted mutation of the zinc finger gene Krox20. Genes & Dev., November 1, 1993; 7(11): 2071 - 2084. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U Strahle, P Blader, D Henrique, and P W Ingham Axial, a zebrafish gene expressed along the developing body axis, shows altered expression in cyclops mutant embryos. Genes & Dev., July 1, 1993; 7(7b): 1436 - 1446. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
