|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
| Home Help Feedback Subscriptions Archive Search Table of Contents | ||||
Development, Vol 118, Issue 3 785-796, Copyright © 1993 by Company of Biologists
JOURNAL ARTICLES |
AS Manoukian and HM Krause
Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, C.H. Best Institute, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
During Drosophila development, an important aspect of body patterning is the division of the embryo into repeating morphological units referred to as parasegments. The parasegmental domains are first defined at the blastoderm stage by alternating stripes of transcripts encoded by the pair-rule genes fushi tarazu (ftz) and even-skipped (eve) and later by stripes encoded by the segment polarity genes engrailed (en) and wingless. Here, we show that the runt gene (run) is required to generate asymmetries within these parasegmental domains. Using a heat-shock-inducible run transgene, we found that ectopic run expression leads to rapid repression of eve stripes and a somewhat delayed expansion of ftz stripes. Unexpectedly, we also found that ectopic run was a rapid and potent repressor of odd-numbered en stripes. Two remarkably different segmental phenotypes were generated as a consequence of these effects. In solving the mechanisms underlying these phenotypes, we discovered that the positioning of en stripes is largely determined by the actions of negative regulators. Our data indicate that run is required to limit the domains of en expression in the odd-numbered parasegments, while the odd-skipped gene is required to limit the domains of en expression in the even-numbered parasegments. Activation of en at the anterior margins of both sets of parasegments requires the repression of run and odd by the product of the eve gene. The spatial restriction of gene expression via negative and double negative pathways such as these is likely to be a common theme during development.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  T. M. Schroeder, R. A. Kahler, X. Li, and J. J. Westendorf Histone Deacetylase 3 Interacts with Runx2 to Repress the Osteocalcin Promoter and Regulate Osteoblast Differentiation J. Biol. Chem., October 1, 2004; 279(40): 41998 - 42007. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Swantek and J. P. Gergen Ftz modulates Runt-dependent activation and repression of segment-polarity gene transcription Development, May 15, 2004; 131(10): 2281 - 2290. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Alexandre and J.-P. Vincent Requirements for transcriptional repression and activation by Engrailed in Drosophila embryos Development, February 15, 2003; 130(4): 729 - 739. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M Kobayashi, R. Goldstein, M Fujioka, Z Paroush, and J. Jaynes Groucho augments the repression of multiple Even skipped target genes in establishing parasegment boundaries Development, January 5, 2001; 128(10): 1805 - 1815. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. D. Tracey , Jr., X. Ning, M. Klingler, S. G. Kramer, and J. P. Gergen Quantitative Analysis of Gene Function in the Drosophila Embryo Genetics, January 1, 2000; 154(1): 273 - 284. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Mannervik and M. Levine The Rpd3 histone deacetylase is required for segmentation of the Drosophila embryo PNAS, June 8, 1999; 96(12): 6797 - 6801. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A Nasiadka and H. Krause Kinetic analysis of segmentation gene interactions in Drosophila embryos Development, January 4, 1999; 126(7): 1515 - 1526. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Kramer, T. Jinks, P Schedl, and J. Gergen Direct activation of Sex-lethal transcription by the Drosophila runt protein Development, January 1, 1999; 126(1): 191 - 200. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B Saulier-Le Drean, A Nasiadka, J Dong, and H. Krause Dynamic changes in the functions of Odd-skipped during early Drosophila embryogenesis Development, January 12, 1998; 125(23): 4851 - 4861. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Dhar, E. M. Mascareno, and M. A. Q. Siddiqui Two Distinct Factor-binding DNA Elements in Cardiac Myosin Light Chain 2 Gene Are Essential for Repression of Its Expression in Skeletal Muscle. ISOLATION OF A cDNA CLONE FOR REPRESSOR PROTEIN NISHED J. Biol. Chem., July 18, 1997; 272(29): 18490 - 18497. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V Riechmann, U Irion, R Wilson, R Grosskortenhaus, and M Leptin Control of cell fates and segmentation in the Drosophila mesoderm Development, January 8, 1997; 124(15): 2915 - 2922. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B Florence, A Guichet, A Ephrussi, and A Laughon Ftz-F1 is a cofactor in Ftz activation of the Drosophila engrailed gene Development, January 2, 1997; 124(4): 839 - 847. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M Fujioka, P Miskiewicz, L Raj, A. Gulledge, M Weir, and T Goto Drosophila Paired regulates late even-skipped expression through a composite binding site for the paired domain and the homeodomain Development, January 9, 1996; 122(9): 2697 - 2707. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P Miskiewicz, D Morrissey, Y Lan, L Raj, S Kessler, M Fujioka, T Goto, and M Weir Both the paired domain and homeodomain are required for in vivo function of Drosophila Paired Development, January 9, 1996; 122(9): 2709 - 2718. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M Fujioka, J. Jaynes, and T Goto Early even-skipped stripes act as morphogenetic gradients at the single cell level to establish engrailed expression Development, January 12, 1995; 121(12): 4371 - 4382. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C Tsai and P Gergen Pair-rule expression of the Drosophila fushi tarazu gene: a nuclear receptor response element mediates the opposing regulatory effects of runt and hairy Development, January 2, 1995; 121(2): 453 - 462. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K M Cadigan, U Grossniklaus, and W J Gehring Localized expression of sloppy paired protein maintains the polarity of Drosophila parasegments. Genes & Dev., April 15, 1994; 8(8): 899 - 913. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R Binari and N Perrimon Stripe-specific regulation of pair-rule genes by hopscotch, a putative Jak family tyrosine kinase in Drosophila. Genes & Dev., February 1, 1994; 8(3): 300 - 312. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M J Benedyk, J R Mullen, and S DiNardo odd-paired: a zinc finger pair-rule protein required for the timely activation of engrailed and wingless in Drosophila embryos. Genes & Dev., January 1, 1994; 8(1): 105 - 117. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Nibu and M. S. Levine CtBP-dependent activities of the short-range Giant repressor in the Drosophila embryo PNAS, May 22, 2001; 98(11): 6204 - 6208. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
