Development, Vol 121, Issue 1 201-208, Copyright © 1995 by Company of Biologists

JOURNAL ARTICLES

Patterns of localization and cytoskeletal association of two vegetally localized RNAs, Vg1 and Xcat-2

C Forristall, M Pondel, L Chen and ML King
Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy (R-124), University of Miami School of Medicine, FL 33101.

In Xenopus, localization of a rare class of mRNAs during oogenesis is believed to initiate pattern formation in the early embryo. We have determined the pattern of RNA localization for one of these RNAs, Xcat-2, which encodes a putative RNA-binding protein related to Drosophila nanos (Mosquera, L., Forristall, C., Zhou, Y. and King, M. L. (1993) Development 117, 377-386). Xcat-2 is exclusively localized to the mitochondrial cloud in stage I oocytes, moves with this body into the vegetal cortex during stage II and, later, partitions into islands consistent with it being a component of the germ plasm. As previously shown, Vg1 is not localized to the vegetal cortex until stage IV and distributes to all vegetal blastomeres during development. We found a direct correlation between the localized condition of these RNAs and their recovery in a detergent-insoluble fraction. We present evidence suggesting that differential RNA binding to a cytoskeletal component(s) in the vegetal cortex determines the pattern of inheritance for that RNA in the embryo.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				A. Jambhekar and J. L. DeRisi Cis-acting determinants of asymmetric, cytoplasmic RNA transport RNA, May 1, 2007; 13(5): 625 - 642. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. E. Pepling, J. E. Wilhelm, A. L. O'Hara, G. W. Gephardt, and A. C. Spradling Mouse oocytes within germ cell cysts and primordial follicles contain a Balbiani body PNAS, January 2, 2007; 104(1): 187 - 192. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Kloc, K. Wilk, D. Vargas, Y. Shirato, S. Bilinski, and L. D. Etkin Potential structural role of non-coding and coding RNAs in the organization of the cytoskeleton at the vegetal cortex of Xenopus oocytes Development, August 1, 2005; 132(15): 3445 - 3457. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Kloc and L. D. Etkin RNA localization mechanisms in oocytes J. Cell Sci., January 15, 2005; 118(2): 269 - 282. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Chang, J. Torres, R. A. Lewis, K. L. Mowry, E. Houliston, and M. L. King Localization of RNAs to the Mitochondrial Cloud in Xenopus Oocytes through Entrapment and Association with Endoplasmic Reticulum Mol. Biol. Cell, October 1, 2004; 15(10): 4669 - 4681. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. J. Yoon and K. L. Mowry Xenopus Staufen is a component of a ribonucleoprotein complex containing Vg1 RNA and kinesin Development, July 1, 2004; 131(13): 3035 - 3045. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. Yan, L. Ma, C. A. Zilinski, and M. M. Matzuk Identification and Characterization of Evolutionarily Conserved Pufferfish, Zebrafish, and Frog Orthologs of GASZ Biol Reprod, June 1, 2004; 70(6): 1619 - 1625. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Hamada, K. Ishiyama, S.-B. Choi, C. Wang, S. Singh, N. Kawai, V. R. Franceschi, and T. W. Okita The Transport of Prolamine RNAs to Prolamine Protein Bodies in Living Rice Endosperm Cells PLANT CELL, October 1, 2003; 15(10): 2253 - 2264. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. T. Cox and A. C. Spradling A Balbiani body and the fusome mediate mitochondrial inheritance during Drosophila oogenesis Development, April 15, 2003; 130(8): 1579 - 1590. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. T. Kroll, W.-m. Zhao, C. Jiang, and P. W. Huber A homolog of FBP2/KSRP binds to localized mRNAs in Xenopus oocytes Development, March 14, 2003; 129(24): 5609 - 5619. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Nakamura, R. Amikura, K. Hanyu, and S. Kobayashi Me31B silences translation of oocyte-localizing RNAs through the formation of cytoplasmic RNP complex during Drosophila oogenesis Development, September 1, 2001; 128(17): 3233 - 3242. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. Alarcon and R. Elinson RNA anchoring in the vegetal cortex of the Xenopus oocyte J. Cell Sci., January 5, 2001; 114(9): 1731 - 1741. [Abstract] [PDF]

				N. Ameen, Y Figueroa, and P. Salas Anomalous apical plasma membrane phenotype in CK8-deficient mice indicates a novel role for intermediate filaments in the polarization of simple epithelia J. Cell Sci., January 2, 2001; 114(3): 563 - 575. [Abstract] [PDF]

				O. Wessely and E. M. De Robertis The Xenopus homologue of Bicaudal-C is a localized maternal mRNA that can induce endoderm formation Development, May 15, 2000; 127(10): 2053 - 2062. [Abstract] [PDF]

				X.-Q. Wu and N. B. Hecht Mouse Testis Brain Ribonucleic Acid-Binding Protein/Translin Colocalizes with Microtubules and Is Immunoprecipitated with Messenger Ribonucleic Acids Encoding Myelin Basic Protein, {alpha} Calmodulin Kinase II, and Protamines 1 and 2 Biol Reprod, March 1, 2000; 62(3): 720 - 725. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				D. Houston and M. King A critical role for Xdazl, a germ plasm-localized RNA, in the differentiation of primordial germ cells in Xenopus Development, January 2, 2000; 127(3): 447 - 456. [Abstract] [PDF]

				P. Mas and R. N. Beachy Replication of Tobacco Mosaic Virus on Endoplasmic Reticulum and Role of the Cytoskeleton and Virus Movement Protein in Intracellular Distribution of Viral RNA J. Cell Biol., November 29, 1999; 147(5): 945 - 958. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R.G. Edwards and H. K. Beard Hypothesis: sex determination and germline formation are committed at the pronucleate stage in mammalian embryos Mol. Hum. Reprod., July 1, 1999; 5(7): 595 - 606. [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. M. Bhat The Posterior Determinant Gene nanos Is Required for the Maintenance of the Adult Germline Stem Cells During Drosophila Oogenesis Genetics, April 1, 1999; 151(4): 1479 - 1492. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				L. Wickham, T. Duchaine, M. Luo, I. R. Nabi, and L. DesGroseillers Mammalian Staufen Is a Double-Stranded-RNA- and Tubulin-Binding Protein Which Localizes to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Mol. Cell. Biol., March 1, 1999; 19(3): 2220 - 2230. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Chan, M Kloc, and L. Etkin fatvg encodes a new localized RNA that uses a 25-nucleotide element (FVLE1) to localize to the vegetal cortex of Xenopus oocytes Development, January 11, 1999; 126(22): 4943 - 4953. [Abstract] [PDF]

				L. Havin, A. Git, Z. Elisha, F. Oberman, K. Yaniv, S. P. Schwartz, N. Standart, and J. K. Yisraeli RNA-binding protein conserved in both microtubule- and microfilament-based RNA localization Genes & Dev., June 1, 1998; 12(11): 1593 - 1598. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				R Martin, B Vaida, R Bleher, M Crispino, and A Giuditta Protein synthesizing units in presynaptic and postsynaptic domains of squid neurons J. Cell Sci., January 11, 1998; 111(21): 3157 - 3166. [Abstract] [PDF]

				C Fages, M Kaksonen, T Kinnunen, E. Punnonen, and H Rauvala Regulation of mRNA localization by transmembrane signalling: local interaction of HB-GAM (heparin-binding growth-associated molecule) with the cell surface localizes beta-actin mRNA J. Cell Sci., January 10, 1998; 111(20): 3073 - 3080. [Abstract] [PDF]

				D. Houston, J Zhang, J. Maines, S. Wasserman, and M. King A Xenopus DAZ-like gene encodes an RNA component of germ plasm and is a functional homologue of Drosophila boule Development, January 1, 1998; 125(2): 171 - 180. [Abstract] [PDF]

				M. Wilsch-Brauninger, H. Schwarz, and C. Nusslein-Volhard A Sponge-like Structure Involved in the Association and Transport of Maternal Products during Drosophila Oogenesis J. Cell Biol., November 3, 1997; 139(3): 817 - 829. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Ainger, D. Avossa, A. S. Diana, C. Barry, E. Barbarese, and J. H. Carson Transport and Localization Elements in Myelin Basic Protein mRNA J. Cell Biol., September 8, 1997; 138(5): 1077 - 1087. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. J.I. Salas, M. L. Rodriguez, A. L. Viciana, D. E. Vega-Salas, and H.-P. Hauri The Apical Submembrane Cytoskeleton Participates in the Organization of the Apical Pole in Epithelial Cells J. Cell Biol., April 21, 1997; 137(2): 359 - 375. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J Heasman Patterning the Xenopus blastula Development, January 11, 1997; 124(21): 4179 - 4191. [Abstract] [PDF]

				M. Horb and G. Thomsen A vegetally localized T-box transcription factor in Xenopus eggs specifies mesoderm and endoderm and is essential for embryonic mesoderm formation Development, January 5, 1997; 124(9): 1689 - 1698. [Abstract] [PDF]

				M Pilon and D. Weisblat A nanos homolog in leech Development, January 5, 1997; 124(9): 1771 - 1780. [Abstract] [PDF]

				H Kageura Activation of dorsal development by contact between the cortical dorsal determinant and the equatorial core cytoplasm in eggs of Xenopus laevis Development, January 4, 1997; 124(8): 1543 - 1551. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J Zhang and M. King Xenopus VegT RNA is localized to the vegetal cortex during oogenesis and encodes a novel T-box transcription factor involved in mesodermal patterning Development, January 12, 1996; 122(12): 4119 - 4129. [Abstract] [PDF]

				F Stennard, G Carnac, and J. Gurdon The Xenopus T-box gene, Antipodean, encodes a vegetally localised maternal mRNA and can trigger mesoderm formation Development, January 12, 1996; 122(12): 4179 - 4188. [Abstract] [PDF]

				L Boyd, S Guo, D Levitan, D. Stinchcomb, and K. Kemphues PAR-2 is asymmetrically distributed and promotes association of P granules and PAR-1 with the cortex in C. elegans embryos Development, January 10, 1996; 122(10): 3075 - 3084. [Abstract] [PDF]

				Y Zhou and M. King Localization of Xcat-2 RNA, a putative germ plasm component, to the mitochondrial cloud in Xenopus stage I oocytes Development, January 9, 1996; 122(9): 2947 - 2953. [Abstract] [PDF]

				T Holowacz and R. Elinson Properties of the dorsal activity found in the vegetal cortical cytoplasm of Xenopus eggs Development, January 9, 1995; 121(9): 2789 - 2798. [Abstract] [PDF]

				S. Nakahata, Y. Katsu, K. Mita, K. Inoue, Y. Nagahama, and M. Yamashita Biochemical Identification of Xenopus Pumilio as a Sequence-specific Cyclin B1 mRNA-binding Protein That Physically Interacts with a Nanos Homolog, Xcat-2, and a Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element-binding Protein J. Biol. Chem., June 8, 2001; 276(24): 20945 - 20953. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. O. Gramolini, G. Belanger, and B. J. Jasmin Distinct regions in the 3' untranslated region are responsible for targeting and stabilizing utrophin transcripts in skeletal muscle cells J. Cell Biol., September 17, 2001; 154(6): 1173 - 1184. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]