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First published online March 30, 2004
doi: 10.1242/10.1242/dev.01117

Development 131, 1663-1677 (2004)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2004
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Review

LDL receptor-related proteins 5 and 6 in Wnt/ß-catenin signaling: Arrows point the way

Xi He*, Mikhail Semenov, Keiko Tamai and Xin Zeng

Division of Neuroscience, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA

* Author for correspondence (e-mail: xi.he{at}childrens.harvard.edu)

SUMMARY

Wnt signaling through the canonical ß-catenin pathway plays essential roles in development and disease. Low-density-lipoprotein receptor-related proteins 5 and 6 (Lrp5 and Lrp6) in vertebrates, and their Drosophila ortholog Arrow, are single-span transmembrane proteins that are indispensable for Wnt/ß-catenin signaling, and are likely to act as Wnt co-receptors. This review highlights recent progress and unresolved issues in understanding the function and regulation of Arrow/Lrp5/Lrp6 in Wnt signaling. We discuss Arrow/Lrp5/Lrp6 interactions with Wnt and the Frizzled family of Wnt receptors, and with the intracellular ß-catenin degradation apparatus. We also discuss the regulation of Lrp5/Lrp6 by other extracellular ligands, and LRP5 mutations associated with familial osteoporosis and other disorders.




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