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First published online 14 September 2005
doi: 10.1242/dev.02038

Development 132, 4483-4495 (2005)
Published by The Company of Biologists 2005
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Slit-mediated repulsion is a key regulator of motor axon pathfinding in the hindbrain

Rachel Hammond, Valerie Vivancos, Arifa Naeem, John Chilton, Elvira Mambitisaeva, William Andrews, Vasi Sundaresan and Sarah Guthrie*

MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, 4th Floor New Hunt's House, King's College, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK

* Author for correspondence (e-mail: sarah.guthrie{at}kcl.ac.uk)

Accepted 11 August 2005

The floor plate is known to be a source of repellent signals for cranial motor axons, preventing them from crossing the midline of the hindbrain. However, it is unknown which molecules mediate this effect in vivo. We show that Slit and Robo proteins are candidate motor axon guidance molecules, as Robo proteins are expressed by cranial motoneurons, and Slit proteins are expressed by the tissues that delimit motor axon trajectories, i.e. the floor plate and the rhombic lip. We present in vitro evidence showing that Slit1 and Slit2 proteins are selective inhibitors and repellents for dorsally projecting, but not for ventrally projecting, cranial motor axons. Analysis of mice deficient in Slit and Robo function shows that cranial motor axons aberrantly enter the midline, while ectopic expression of Slit1 in chick embryos leads to specific motor axon projection errors. Expression of dominant-negative Robo receptors within cranial motoneurons in chick embryos strikingly perturbs their projections, causing some motor axons to enter the midline, and preventing dorsally projecting motor axons from exiting the hindbrain. These data suggest that Slit proteins play a key role in guiding dorsally projecting cranial motoneurons and in facilitating their neural tube exit.

Key words: Motoneurons, Hindbrain, Slit, Robo, Repulsion, Rat, Chick




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