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Fig. 1. Pancreatic anatomy, lineages and genes. (A) The dorsal and
ventral pancreata (dp and vp, respectively) arise at approximately E8.5 in the
mouse (top), from two strips of gut endoderm (marked dp, vp) that are located
adjacent to the forming liver (li) within the developing gut endoderm. At
E10.5 (middle), the pancreatic primordia bud out into the surrounding
mesenchyme and occupy a position between the stomach (st) and intestine (in).
Subsequent gut rotation, from E12.5 onward (bottom), brings the two lobes into
closer apposition, although each maintains its original ductal connection to
the intestine and/or common bile duct (cbd). (B) Lineage tracing
indicates that all mature pancreatic cell types derive from progenitors that
express Pdx1 and/or Ptf1a (purple), and that a subset of
these progenitors go on to express Ngn3 and differentiate into islet
cells. Genes listed in red are required for various aspects of the indicated
steps, as described in the text.
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