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Figure 1


Fig. 1. Abl is required for coordinated apical constriction in the VF. Embryos, genotypes and antigens are indicated. (A-D') Germband extension. (A,B) Dorsal view, anterior left; arrows indicate the ventral midline, bracket indicates the germband. (C-D') Living embryos. Moesin::GFP prior to (C,D) and after (C',D') cell intercalation. White dots highlight the rearrangement of cell contacts. (E-H) Grazing-sections, ventral. (E,F) Apical view of the VF at early gastrulation. (E) Arrow indicates uniform constriction in wild type. (F) abl mutant. Constricted (arrow) and unconstricted (arrowhead) cells are shown. (G,H) Subapical view at mid-gastrulation. (G) Arrow indicates lateral mesoderm orienting parallel to the VF. (H) abl mutant. Lateral mesoderm are pulled towards the VF at varying angles. (I-L) VF cross-sections. (I,J) Early gastrulation. (I) Wild type. Central cells constrict and point towards the furrow. Arrow indicates the outermost cells stretch over their neighbors. (J) abl mutant. Arrows indicate constricted cells; arrowhead indicates an unconstricted cell. (K,L) Late gastrulation. (K) Wild type. Arrow indicates wedge-shaped constricted cells; arrowhead indicates unconstricted lateral cells. (L) abl mutant. (M,N) Cad (red) and Twist (green) expression in wild-type (M) and abl-mutant (N) embryos in the late VF. (O-P') Midline morphogenesis. (Q,R) Stills of living embryos expressing Moesin::GFP. (Q) Wild-type central cells constrict (t=10 minutes, arrow); lateral cells internalize without constriction (t=15 minutes, arrow). (R) abl mutant. At t=0 minutes, ectopic F-actin before VF formation (arrow) can be seen. At t=10 minutes, constricting cells (arrows) are interspersed with unconstricted cells (arrowhead). Inset in Q,R shows asymmetry in cell shape. At t=15, 20 and 25 minutes, mesodermal cells remain at the surface (arrows). Cad, DE-Cadherin; Nrt, Neurotactin; Sim, Single-minded; Moe::GFP, Moesin::GFP. Scale bar: 20 µm.





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